Title : Prevalence of comorbidities among female asthmatic patients in Constantine, Alegria
Abstract:
Asthma in women is often associated with multiple comorbidities that may influence disease control, quality of life, and treatment response. Understanding the pattern and prevalence of comorbid conditions is essential for a comprehensive management approach. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of comorbidities among female asthmatic patients in constantine, algeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between january and december 2023, including 109 adult female patients with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma, followed in the pneumology department of the constantine university hospital. Sociodemographic, clinical, and comorbidity data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical record review. Asthma control was assessed according to global initiative for asthma (gina 2024) guidelines. Comorbidities were classified as allergic (e.g., allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, eczema) and non-allergic (e.g., obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease [gerd], anxiety, depression, hypertension). The mean age of participants was 45 ± 12 years. At least one comorbidity was identified in 76% of patients. The most frequent comorbidities were allergic rhinitis (48%), obesity (37%), gerd (29%), anxiety/depression (26%), and hypertension (18%). The presence of multiple comorbidities (≥2) was observed in 41% of patients and was significantly associated with poor asthma control (p < 0.05). Comorbidities are highly prevalent among women with asthma in constantine, particularly allergic rhinitis, obesity, and gerd. These conditions may contribute to poor asthma control and should be systematically screened and managed. A multidimensional and gender-sensitive approach is essential for optimizing asthma outcomes in female patients.
