Exploring the intricate links between the environment and respiratory function, environmental & occupational lung health addresses the impact of air pollution, chemical exposures, and workplace hazards on pulmonary disease incidence. Chronic exposure to particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and occupational allergens is strongly associated with diseases like COPD, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and pneumoconiosis. Increasing attention is being given to identifying and mitigating newer risk factors such as nanomaterial inhalation, indoor biomass smoke, and emissions from industrial solvents. Technological advancements are enabling more precise exposure assessment and real-time monitoring, helping clinicians and researchers better understand dose-response relationships. There is also a growing emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches that integrate occupational medicine, environmental science, and public health to shape effective interventions. Efforts to reduce disparities in exposure and improve workplace standards are gaining momentum as part of a broader push toward sustainable respiratory health practices.