Interstitial Lung Diseases

Challenging to diagnose and manage, interstitial lung diseases comprise a group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and connective tissue disease-associated ILDs. These conditions often require integration of clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic data for accurate classification. Antifibrotic therapies, immunomodulators, and non-invasive biomarkers are reshaping treatment algorithms and slowing progression in select cases. Interstitial lung diseases research is increasingly focused on understanding immune dysregulation, environmental triggers, and genetic predisposition. High-resolution imaging and multidisciplinary discussions play vital roles in staging and therapy planning. As ILDs remain life-limiting for many, there is growing emphasis on early diagnosis, palliative integration, and clinical trial enrollment to improve survival and quality of life.